In another thread in a different forum, I asked if Amtrak appears to be in better or worse shape (personnel-wise, equipment-wise, website functions-wise, etc.) than it was a year ago. On our trip to Ohio last summer, everything appeared to be operating more or less like it did before COVID appeared. (The trains we traveled on were the Pacific Surfliner (business class) the Southwest Chief (bedroom) and the Capitol Limited (coach) so this might have had something to do with what we observed.) You would think that a year later, things would be even better, although judging from some of the comments that have been posted to this thread, that might not be the case. The cost of a bedroom is certainly higher than it was last year!
My guess would be two things, one general and one Amtrak-specific.
1) The "Great Resignation" struck the economy after Covid eased up. I think it's more the Great Reshuffle than Resignation -- some people died or retired early, and others understandably took the chance to go up a rank or two, leaving the lower rungs of the economy scrambling for personnel. But nonetheless, it and the logistics tangles took hold not when Covid was at its worst but when it was easing off and people who had income during the worst but less to spend it on felt comfortable spending it again.
In this regard, it reminds me of the post-WWII boom when people paid well in a war economy (war industry workers, others taking jobs left open by millions going into the military) but with little to spend it on during rationing could now, legally and in their own consciences, spend it when the war ended. There are several pop-culture artifacts from the late 1940s (
Mr. Blandings Builds His Dream House, anyone?) of housing shortages, logistics snafus, and price hikes from the increased housing demand slamming into a housing industry that had shrunk atrociously during the Depression and war rationing. I imagine there were other such 2021-seeming logistics issues (cars? radios? home appliances?) that didn't survive into pop-culture consciousness decades later.
1.5) The above manifests in increased Amtrak demand, echoing the general increased travel demand. People were choosing sleepers for safer socially-distanced travel during the worst of Covid, buoying demand and prices during what otherwise would have been a drought of Biblical proportion. But a lot of people weren't traveling in the first place.
Now, as most people feel comfortable traveling again, I'm sure some of the more Covid-cautious people who didn't travel at all during the worst of Covid are dipping their toes in and choosing sleepers, who in years past would've flown but don't feel
quite that comfortable yet. I presume that demand is
much greater than the "gotta travel, will take a sleeper" travelers of 2020.
2) Amtrak laying off or granting early retirement to repair personnel wouldn't have immediately shrunk the available fleet, it would have taken some time to have its effect. Conversely, its effects will linger as the rehired or new repair workers will first have to attack the backlog of out-of-service cars before returning to the pre-Covid repair rhythm.