As soon as a vehicle becomes stalled on the tracks a call should be made to the dispatcher. In addition the driver should grab some flares or reflectors to place further down the tracks and around bends. Commercial vehicles should be required to walk low and heavy hardware across active tracks to prevent getting stuck in the first place.
What would be the point of such a rule? Delayed breaking risks further injury or death and a rule dissuading employees from saving their own lives would be refused by the union. According to what I was told in general terms the goal is to accurately identify a serious threat, initiate emergency breaking, and brace for impact before collision.
B
RAKING. You can BREAK a train using the BRAKES.
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Bigholing" a train, or performing an emergency stop means dumping the train brake line, which immediately sets all brakes to maximum stopping power. Power is also removed from the driving axles on the engine. Yes, it is to be avoided when at all possible due to safety issues with passengers and cargo, wheel and track damage, and sometimes long delays in getting rolling again after the incident. Ever hear a train go by with a thump thump thump noise from an axle? At least one of those axles has been slid along the rail, flat spotting it. The practice is, of course, used only to attempt to avoid an emergency, and discouraged otherwise.
However, comma, when the Engineer perceives the danger of a collision, he bigholes it at once. (If a brake air line fails, the train immediately goes into emergency stop). Alas, due to the inertia and the energy of the cars rolling at speed, coupled with the rather small frictional component of the small contact area between wheel and rails, it can take what seems like forever to bring the train to a halt, even the relatively short consist of passenger trains, as compared to freight trains.
Even though today I drive an EV, I always carry a set of jumper cables of at least 6 foot length. This dates from my years of driving lower than average ground clearance TV Mobile Units. Had I ever high centered a unit, the first thing I would have done would have been to shunt across the rails with the jumper cables. This will set that block's signals to red "DO NOT PASS THIS SIGNAL", and set the blocks either side of that block to yellow, "PROCEED AT NO MORE THAN MEDIUM SPEED, PREPARED TO STOP AT THE NEXT SIGNAL". It also alerts the dispatcher that something is amiss.
Then run 90 degrees from the site while calling either the number posted on the signal or 911. If you see a train coming, then run opposite the way the train is coming. You don't want to be downstream of the collision.
Unfortunately, If a train is already in that block, it's too late. But it couldn't hoit, as it were. The railroads do not publicize this, they have enough issues with vandalism as it is.