jis
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Those two situations are not the same as what Amtrak faces though.Airlines will sometimes offer me a discounted upgrade to 1st class when I check in on the app.
Also hotels will often over-sell cheaper rooms and then “upgrade” a customer to a suite when they arrive. Amtrak could do that with bedrooms if they wanted to.
An airline knows pretty much for sure just before the boarding gate closes that certain seats will go unoccupied for that segment, so they can give out upgrades either free or discounted to favored customers and backfill the vacated cheaper seats with fare paying passengers.
Similarly hotels have a pretty good idea of occupancy for a night by 9pm.
That is very different from what Amtrak faces on a multi day journey. So the same logic does not necessarily apply to Amtrak.