I feel like noting that the change from P42s (or in California, F59PHIs, or in NY, P32AC-DMs) to Chargers will be a major change in emissions. It's going straight from Tier Zero to Tier Four all in one go. Prior to the Chargers Amtrak was running only unrenovated Tier Zero equipment. The P42s were actually somewhat better than the Tier Zero standards, but still, going all the way to Tier Four is a huge jump.
From dieselnet, I have line haul standards for tier 0 not-remanufactured:
And average emissions back in 1997:
P42s were probably a bit better than that. But here are the Tier Four standards:
Most noticeable to passengers is the drop in PM (particulate matter), followed by the drop in HC (not-fully-combusted hydrocarbons). In short, the exhaust smoke from the Chargers should be a lot less smelly and irritating.