California State Rail Plan

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Anderson

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California State Rail Plan

(Link: http://californiastaterailplan.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/CSRP_Public-Draft_Main_2013-02-09.pdf )

As with almost any plan, there's a mixed bag to comment on. I won't get into the nitty gritty of allocations for new signals and what-have-you. CAHSR's timetable is much improved, assuming that it can be kept to, and that's probably the best part of the plan...but CAHSR also accounts for the worst element I've seen in a rail plan in a long time, and possibly the worst element in a rail plan since the late 1960s, period.

CAHSR
The best part of this plan is moving the connection from the San Fernando Valley to Bakersfield up to '21 (and the whole plan up to '29). Aside from compressing the overall timetable by a few years, assuming that the accelerated schedule can be held to, moving the connection from the LA area to the Central Valley up is probably the best thing that could be planned for this.

However, the plan to terminate the service in the San Fernando Valley and use Surfliners or Metrolink to connect to LAUS is probably the single worst idea I've seen put forward in a serious HSR plan in quite some time. It ranks up there with the old NYC request to cut intercity trains back to Croton or New Haven wanting to cut service back to Route 128. All I can say is "God, how dumb can you be?" Ideally, they'd do a run-through as far as Anaheim, but at least getting to LAUS would allow more one-seat rides and improve Metrolink connectivity dramatically (as well as connecting with other Amtrak services). Even if they couldn't run the super-high-speed trains over the whole route, just running the SJs over the mountains would seem to be a preferable shorter-term alternative. Not pretty, but connectivity matters.

I do consider this to be an improvement since it at least gets the buses out of the picture sooner, which is a must. I just wish they'd get the HSR trains into LAUS so you could /totally/ replace the link with a transfer at Bakersfield.

I'm reserving comment on the longer-range plans since the form that will take is going to be an open question. I think CAHSR will probably turn an operating profit, but until those trains get extended either downtown (or to Anaheim, I would hope, because of the marketing opportunities there) I think the effects are going to be limited.

Other Corridors
In the short run, the big improvements here are as follows:
-The Coast Daylight is the big one right now, since it gets a direct Bay Area-LAX connection (and restores direct service to the Peninsula).
--Even more interesting is the Lark coming back. Looking at the longer-term plans, CA wants to restore overnight SF-LA service. It will likely carry the (highly ironic, especially in winter) Coast Daylight name...I'm hoping someone in marketing has the good sense to make it "Coast Overnight" or something like that, but I'm /really/ glad to see this, especially as an adjunct to the HSR and whatnot plans.
--Hopefully, this train will run SF-San Diego. Not that the back-end market is likely to be massive, but getting Anaheim in there makes for some interesting marketing opportunities, to say nothing of connectivity.
-The San Joaquin is also looking at upgrades. God only knows how this will interact with the HSR plans; I can see the SJ getting some real synergies off of cross-platform transfers at Bakersfield, but I can also see some cross-cannibalization of longer trips (not to mention that any service into SF proper is going to eat into the Oakland business).
-Gobs and gobs of other corridors.
--I like the Palm Springs/Indio service for several reasons. First and foremost, it is a good commuter-esque corridor with a growing population, so there's a definite market there. Second, in the long run, if AZ goes ahead with any stuff in the Phoenix area (commuter operations or the Phoenix-Tuscon proposals), I could see the two potentially getting together to run a once/twice daily train on that end of things.
--Extending the Capitol Corridor in both directions (Reno and Salinas) would be nice, but I think UP is going to get in the way for now. From what I can tell about CA, they'll eventually throw in the money sooner or later. Salinas seems likely to happen sooner, mainly because from what I can tell, the folks there gave up on Caltrain.
--Ditto extending the San Joaquins to Redding. That basically covers everything except Redding-Eugene with corridor service (and that particular link can probably remain unfilled for the duration, given the speeds and low population along it). More importantly, it may allow for a few more local stops along the route than the Starlight can (or should) handle, adding to network effects. Hopefully, this would get 2xdaily (at least), and the CC trains should suffice for westward links to the Bay Area; hopefully there will also be a cross-platform option for CAHSR connections on the north end of CAHSR (Merced/Sacramento) as well, since Redding-Bakersfield and /then/ transferring would seem to make for a bit of a long day.
--The Vegas plans are just a mess. The X-Train isn't planned to even come close to daily operation (twice-weekly is going to be dubious, and there's no flexibility to adapt for holiday weekends), but I do think it will be a modest success (with some mixed-mode travel and what have you coming out of it). Desert Xpress/Xpress West is likely to be a morass, the way the HSR plans are developing: You'd take one train to Palmdale, another one into the SF Valley, and then a /third/ into downtown? Or alternatively, you'd take one into Palmdale and then spend two hours on a commuter train? Neither option seems "pretty" for the casual traveler given the amount of transferring.

The commuter plans are a bit of a tangle that I can go through in more depth, but I do like the operations they're looking at north of the Golden Gate. The Metrolink/Coaster plans are also interesting.

One thing I am left wondering is whether there's going to be a long-term effort to integrate Caltrain and the Capitol Corridor with one another?
 
Re: CAHSR, I'm surprised you're surprised. The "blended" plan has always called for the initial operating section to be the Central Valley to the San Fernando Valley. Subsequent phases expand first to San Jose, then down to LAUS. They're all coming, but the project has to be built in phases as Sacto can scrounge the money. That's why plans call for "bookend" improvements to tide things over until the entire phase-one system can be complete.

Look: Pretty much no one prefrers transfers to a one-seat ride, but it's temporary and it's not the end of the world.
 
The phase of the CHSR line from Central California to Los Angeles is also the most challenging terraine. TheTehachapi Pass was built before modern equipment was available. Thats one of the reasons that the Interstate Highway System has a huge advantage over any rail lines because it was built in the mid to late 20th century compared to most rail lines which were built in the mid to late 19th century. High Speed rail in other parts of the country like Atlanta to Nashville, Charlotte, Birmingham will have to have new allignments if they are ever built due to current rail lines from the Civil War era.
 
Actually, the initial business plans didn't call for this and there was only talk about fixing that, nothing really concrete. The order of operations got shifted around; like multiplication or addition, the result is the same. I'm not terribly surprised by the move, I'm just glad it actually happened.

I guess what's driving me a bit crazy is this question: Would it get more riders (and/or revenue) to have a faster ride that involves multiple transfers (from what I can tell, until that operating segment reaches either San Francisco or LAUS, SF-LA requires two transfers) or a slower one that is a one-seat ride (or, at most, a two-seat ride from most of northern CA)? At least from what I can tell, the answer would seem to be option two (and 125 MPH vs. 79 MPH is nothing to sneeze at; I'd think that with the dedicated alignment and limited stopping, your speed would average over 80 MPH...and while that may take 5+ hours to get from end to end, most schedules are going to involve 30 minutes of padding at each transfer at a minimum, so any bullet train advantage would likely be lost until at least one end's work is complete). Either San Jose-LAUS or San Francisco-San Fernando Valley would make sense, but shoehorning an HSR train in that only touches the edges of the metro areas would be a bit like running the Acela from Providence to BWI on the assumption that folks will take MARC and MBTA for the last chunks of the trip.

Look, I get the desire to get the fast trains running...well, faster. But if most of the time advantages are being lost to transfers that require padding, as the IOS seems to strongly imply, then it just seems that CA would be better off stuffing the bullet trains in a shed somewhere or putting off their purchase and using conventional equipment (or, God forbid, slapping an EMD-F125 on the front of the bullet train and using that for haulage until you can stretch the catenary further). This is actually in the same vein of why Virginia makes sure "our" trains run at least as far as NYP: Even if you could transfer to/from a hypothetical 2:30 NYP-WAS Acela, transfer time at WAS would eat up almost any advantage in time versus a simple through option (and if you didn't have an engine change at WAS for the Regional/LD trains, any remaining advantage would be long gone).
 
Pretty much everything done by the high speed rail authority has been touched by madness and makes no rational sense at all (and then there's the utter insanity of CBOSS with Caltrain). I don't think I'll ever understand why they insist on connecting in the San Fernando Valley and not simply electrifying another twenty miles to LAUS.

The problem with the state rail plan is that the only word that really applies to it is rail. It's more in the way of a collection of various other documents put together into a single package and many of those other documents are old (for instance, there are references to projects with scheduled completions in 2011 as well as projects already cancelled). How things will work together and mesh isn't really brought together or explained. For instance, the overnight train from SF-LA (probably reviving the Spirit of California name I would imagine) makes absolutely no sense to run alongside the high speed rail network. Nor, quite frankly, does it make sense to run the San Joaquins on BNSF alongside HSR. There's no actual joint planning, it's more in the way of a "Hey guys, what do you want to do?" for each personal fief.
 
The Initial Segment is said to be constructed by the funding deadline. It is said to connect to the BNSF trackage at each end to allow Amtrak San Joaquin trains to use it reducing travel time on the route from 45 minutes to an hour. This would be a 130-mile segment from Fresno to Bakersfield and it supposed to be completed by 2017. Actual HSR service would not begin until 2022 when more of the initial segment is completed. So there would be an initial benefit to the San Joaquin. How exactly this all fits together is anyone's guess... will it be completed by 2017 (in 4 years??), I highly doubt it.

Edit: I believe the time savings mentioned was due to an increase in allowable operating speed from 79 MPH to 125 MPH on the grade-separated HSR tracks... however aren't the current locomotives in the California and Amtrak fleets on the route only rated for 110 MPH and the Superliner cars rated for 100 MPH (California/Surfliners are rated for 125 MPH)? So if you use all California/Surfliner cars you then in theory you can reach 125 MPH but if your locomotives are still only rated for 110 MPH doesn't that defeat the purpose?
 
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Nor, quite frankly, does it make sense to run the San Joaquins on BNSF alongside HSR.
Sure it does. Local vs. express. Short hop vs. long haul. LA Metro runs the local 20 bus and the 720 Rapid Bus on Wilshire Blvd. They serve different audiences. The San Joaquins and HSR will serve different purposes and different audiences too. One of the raps against the Belgian rail service was that when they introduced HSR along one route, they eliminated the existing Benelux service. Comparatively, the HSR service was a lot more expensive, served fewer stations and required advanced reservations. Eliminating Benelux was not a popular move. In the long run, if the San Joaquins don't cut it, they'll be scaled back or eliminated.

On another subject, the draft state rail plan doesn't exist in isolation. It's a component of the in-development interregional plan and the state transportation plan. Each is a part of implementing state requirements to cut greenhouse gasses, limit sprawl and link transportation to land use planning. If you live in CA, I encourage you to attend one of the Caltrans public meetings about the document or email comments to Caltrans. They are actively seeking input.
 
I can explain what's going on here. At some point very recently, the federal government added, as a requirement for funding rail projects, that the project must be listed as part of the state rail plan.

States which had a state rail plan (Vermont, for instance) said "OK", since this had no effect on them.

States which didn't have a state rail plan.. basically listed all the projects that anyone hoped to get funding for and called that the "state rail plan". Doing anything else would have taken longer and delayed things.

If you think about it that way, the result is quite rational. If there's a second iteration of the state rail plan, there will be time for Caltrans to actually sit down and make a coherent plan. But right now this is a cover-your-ass to make sure that they don't lose the opportunity for federal funding on anything they were already considering applying for funding for.
 
On the overnight SFO-LAX train, it makes sense for three reasons:
(1) It serves more than just SFO-LAX. There are a number of intermediate markets (SFO-SBA, Salinas-LAX) not on the HSR line that would get a frequency that gets them to the endpoint market (or markets near it) at a decent time.

(2) It subs in for a bus. The overnight Oakland-SLO bus (10 PM-6:30 AM) would be bumped out by this, but you'd be able to remain on a train from the Bay Area (or transfer at San Jose, as the case may be) rather than getting a bus.

(3) If times can be improved, it will likely allow a later departure/earlier arrival between endpoints than any daylight train would be able to do (or you're likely to get on the HSR line, assuming the semi-standard non-operation between 0000 and 0500/0600), as well as potentially doing a single-seat ride San Diego-San Francisco (and also covering Anaheim and some other places) in the process with single-seat rides and those arrival times.
 
One thing I am left wondering is whether there's going to be a long-term effort to integrate Caltrain and the Capitol Corridor with one another?
It would seem to be the logical end point, but I'd expect to see ACE and Caltrain merged far before that happened. They both use the same type of equipment, low level passthroughs vs high level, and there's even a mention of electrifying ACE in the plan.

Edit: I believe the time savings mentioned was due to an increase in allowable operating speed from 79 MPH to 125 MPH on the grade-separated HSR tracks... however aren't the current locomotives in the California and Amtrak fleets on the route only rated for 110 MPH and the Superliner cars rated for 100 MPH (California/Surfliners are rated for 125 MPH)? So if you use all California/Surfliner cars you then in theory you can reach 125 MPH but if your locomotives are still only rated for 110 MPH doesn't that defeat the purpose?
Don't forget that the HSR tracks are just that, two mains, vs a single one currently.
 
The 2023 draft is available for review and comment until May 10th: California State Rail Plan | Caltrans

I haven't flipped through it in detail, but the factsheet has some interesting plans:
  • Statewide integrated fare and ticketing coordination within five years (assuming state rail only, not local/regional rail)
  • Pulse scheduling of state trains and intercity buses within five years
  • HSR Bakersfield-Madera and a Las Vegas segment open and running in five years
  • Within ten years, all rolling stock purchases will be zero-emission. Reading through the full draft it seems Caltrans is completely betting on hydrogen powered trains to start rolling out within five years and complete conversion in ten.
  • Phase 1 of HSR complete in ten years
  • Most/all of currently planned HSR complete by 2050
  • Second Transbay Tube complete by 2050
  • Rail connections to Phoenix, Reno, Monterey, and Tijuana Airport (!) complete by 2050.
 
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