It is the CBP that prevents Amtrak/NYSDOT from putting a business class car on the Adirondack, but I still don’t understand how it would be such a big problem. If the last TWO cars carry those passengers looking to cross the border and the end car is the 1/2 cafe and 1/2 business class car, what’s the issue? Those crossing the border would still be concentrated in the last “three cars” of the consist. This is how it worked on the Maple Leaf just before they required EVERYONE to exit the train at Niagara Falls, ON. It didn’t seem to be an issue for CBP at Niagara, just on the Adirondack train, I realize they sometimes do further questioning in the cafe car, but more and more the questioning seems to be “off” the train and in the little trailer they have. There has to be a reason though that is more prominent because the Adirondack did try this consist concept, and it didn’t last through to the next schedule change.
The Vermonter has a 1/2 business class and 1/2 cafe car, and it has its sights on Montreal as the final terminus. However, I don’t think that train would ever be extended till customs are moved to the Gare Central facility.