See, there are 16 long distance routes. In both directions, that's 32 trains. The average long distance train has two locomotives. So, 32 trains times two locomotives equals 64 locomotives in service, so the remaining 11 would be kept as backup locomotives. Would that be enough or would Amtrak need more?
Nope, not even close. Let me put it this way. The Lake Shore Limited (New York section) is 20 hours end-to-end, making it one of the shortest long distance routes, yet it needs three consists. Here’s why.
This is the “life” of a Lake Shore Limited consist:
Day 1: Departs New York
Day 2: Arrives Chicago, then departs it that evening:
Day 3: Arrives New York
Day 4: Once again departs New York
You see, because the LSL runs daily, and each consist takes
three days to make a complete “cycle”, the train needs a total of
three consists.
Here’s another example. The Silver Meteor is a still-relatively-modest 26 hours, and uses a whopping FOUR consists:
Day 1: Departs New York
Day 2: Arrives Miami
Day 3: Departs Miami
Day 4: Arrives New York
Day 5: Again departs New York
The Meteor runs daily, and it takes
four days for a consist to make a complete cycle, so the route needs
four consists.
Now think about the fact that the western trains can be up to two nights and 50+ hours, and I think you can get a sense of the sheer number of consists (and therefore locomotives) needed for all the LD routes.