Foresight is a highly variable quantity.
Fro example: In the early 1960's when Southern decided to enlarge tunnels to be able to handle pggyback they made them 30 feet high and 20 feet wide, with the track being off-center so that there was 12 ft on one side and 8 ft on the other. This despite the piggyback trailers were never higher than about 17 feet above the top of rail. Teh comment made at the time was they took a long look at future potential train sizes and also provided room for electrification. Yet their corporate successor, Norfolk Southern is going through a program of clearance increases in the tunnels across West Virginia so that they can clear double stacks, and are doing it to the just barely enough size.
Another example: Both of the Mississippi River bridges at Memphs: The second, the Harahan Bridge opened in about 1916, currently UP, was built double track with the tracks on 14 ft centers and with overhead clearances of 22 feet. Plenty of room for double stacks built when the maximum height freight car was about 15 feet. The first bridge, commonly called the Frisco bridge opened in 1892 is single track, but with a 22 ft clear width between trusses. Quite a few years ago the cross memebers above the track were modified sufficiently to clear double stacks, even though this was done before the era of the double stack. Also, loading: Currently the bridge is cleared to pass double stacks and coal trains having axle loads over double those used in the load tests made at the time the bridge opened.
This last brigs me to the San Francisco Bay Bridge: They are having issues with the eye bars in the trusses. This form of design of tension memebers in trusses ceased to be used not long after the Bay Bridge was built, so there is some moaning about the basic design both for the use of these members and for structural adequacy. But, wait a minute: Eyebar tension members is exactly what you have in both these bridges at Memphis, one now being 117 years old and still functioning and the other 93 years old and still functioning.