jis
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We seem to forget that such systems exist all over the world, and have done so for at least 60-70 years, nothing new, including in trains that run in Siberia. All that is needed is adapting them a bit to our circumstances. And BTW the common battery technology used was banks of lead acid batteries suspended under the cars, in the past. The more modern ones use NiMH ones. No one seem to be using LiH so far, possibly because of cost and fire hazards since at least until now the extra weight of NiMH has not been an issue.Airlines are charging people for a 20 lb suitcase in part because they can get away with it, but in part because the extra weight does burn more fuel. And you want Amtrak to add 13,000 lbs to the weight of its trains?So a thousand pounds of lithium ion batteries would probably be sufficient to keep the heating/air conditioning running for about an hour, which probably isn't as much as would be ideal on a car pulled by a single locomotive with a non-redundant HEP source.
The trick is to create multiple power load profiles and when HEP/power source is lost progressively drop to lower and lower power load profiles dropping non-critical things. Easy things that are done is resetting thermostats with a goal to maintain safety for the longest time rather than best comfort for a much shorter time etc. No one that I am aware of tries to run everything on full blast on battery power. I had a chance to see the control panel for one of these a couple of weeks back. Quite an interesting setup. Wish I had taken a picture of it.