cirdan
Engineer
- Joined
- Mar 30, 2011
- Messages
- 3,863
As initially delivered, they were all day trains. The first gauge changer was at Madrid, and was hence only for testing purposes as besides the short test track, there was no standard gauge RENFE track in Madrid at the time. The next one built was at Cerbere, and this permitted the introduction of the Catalan Talgo to Geneva. In 1968, Talgo III-RD sets were used on a once daily Madrid to Cadiz express, but I understand this was a sort set that was coupled to a longer Talgo III train. Although some international test and demonstration runs began in 1967, the Catalan Talgo didn't begin proper commercial operation until 1969. Three of the matching diesel locomotives were fitted with standard gauge bogies to haul the trains on the French leg of this trip. As only two were required at any one time and the locomotives would not have been suitable for any other purposes, this reflects quite a high level of redundancy. In later years standard locomotives (with some modifications) were permited to pull the Talgos. In later years the exact route was changed several times tp permit greater use of electrified mileage.As Cirdan said, the Talgo III RD (gage-changing) equipment could form a maximum of 5 sets, but only 4 were ever diagrammed, as far as I know (and the 5 sets would have been pretty short had you formed them).
I'm not aware of any sets running in regular interior service, other than in an exceptional situation, or very late in their careers, once the night trains to Paris had both received next-generation equipment. That is not to say it never happened... I just don't recall it. They ran essentially on two trains: the "Catalan Talgo" to Geneva, and the Madrid - Paris night train. Once that was converted to a next generation set, I think that the Talgo III RD sets were cascaded to the Barcelona - Paris service, but I don't know how long they ran there.
The third gauge changer was the one at San Andreu Comtal outside Barcelona which was where the Barcelona-based talgos were maintaned. The next one was at Irun. As far as I know the sleeping cars were not added until the early 1970s, permitting the three Madid-based sets to be re-formed as night trains for use on Madrid - Paris. I guess the displaced day mid cars were transferred to the Barcelona pool. Thus ended their regular use on internal services. The sleeping cars had diagonally arranged beds which were more comfortable for taller people than the standard crossway beds of other trains. The gangway was thus sawtooth shaped which was very useful for people carrying luggage meeting others coming the other way.
Whereas the day trains continued on until 2010, the night trains were replaced at a much earlier point by the Talgo Pendular stock that is still used today. I guess the old night cars must have been scrapped with parts being used to keep the day cars running.
Today there are night trains from both Madrid and Barcelona to Paris running every night and also a thrice weekly train from Barcelona to Zurich and Milan (splitting eb route). There are also two day Talgos via Cerbere every day, one is the former Catalan Talgo (which no longer uses that name) and runs from Barcelona to Montpellier the other is the Mare Nostrum from Montpellier to Murcia/Cartagena.